Treatment predictors of tenure in methadone maintenance.

Tenure in methadone maintenance treatment was analyzed in terms of treatment process factors using a survival curve regression analysis. The treatment process framework included client variables at entry, program characteristics, treatment events, and client attitudes and satisfaction. The sample consisted of 606 methadone maintenance clients from 21 different clinics. Significant predictors included professional classifications of the diagnosing and treatment-planning staff members, measures of early treatment services, client attitudes and satisfaction, methadone dosage level, and frequency of urine monitoring. The results showed higher tenure rates when specialized professionals diagnosed problems and defined treatment plans, when service needs were addressed, when client attitudes and satisfaction were high, and when methadone dose was higher. Lower tenure rates were found among blacks and clients with lower sociodemographic status. Lower tenure also occurred among those who perceived the program as less accessible or less structured in its procedures.