Options in the management of varicose veins, 2008.

Modern management of varicose veins requires knowledge of the principal procedures currently utilized, which are compression sclerotherapy, foam sclerotherapy, endovenous laser therapy, radiofrequency closure, microincision phlebectomy, transilluminated powered phlebectomy, radiofrequency closure of perforating veins, perforation invagination stripping, subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery, saphenous valvuloplasty and external laser therapy. A review of the above procedures is presented with a brief description of their indications, performance and results.