Scattering and absorption of turbid materials determined from reflection measurements. 1: theory.

To allow the determination of scattering and absorption parameters of a turbid material from reflection measurements the relation of these parameters to the reflection has been described by two theoretical approaches. One approach is based on the diffusion theory which has been extended to include anisotropic scattering. This results in a reflection formula in which the scattering and absorption are described by one parameter each. As a second more general approach a Monte Carlo model is applied. Comparison of the results indicates the range of values of the scattering and absorption parameters where the computationally fast diffusion approach is applicable.