Simultaneous occurrence of infantile hemangioma and congenital melanocytic nevus: Coincidence or real association?

Both infantile hemangiomas (IH) and congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) are common birthmarks that affect approximately 4% to 5% of infants and 1% of newborns, respectively. No previous association has been established between these birthmarks. We report a series of 6 patients who were remarkable for either the proximity or extent of anatomic involvement of their IH and CMN. Patient 1 had a large CMN in the area of her left eye and upper face in addition to a parotid IH. Likewise, patient 5 had a giant CMN on her back and a beard distribution IH. Patients 2, 3, and 4 were found to have small CMNs and localized IH in close anatomic proximity. Patient 6 was seen for a large left parietal scalp CMN with satellite nevi and multiple cutaneous hemangiomas. Although IH and CMN are common birthmarks, the clinical characteristics in these cases suggest a real, not coincidental association. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms to explain this association are discussed.