BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in normal cognitive-performing subjects with hypertension (HTN) using continuous arterial spin-labeled MRI. The most common explanation for the effect of blood pressure on cognition is that HTN increases the risk of cerebrovascular disease, and it may increase the risk for Alzheimer disease possibly through small vessel disease, ischemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, few studies to date have examined the rCBF of cognitively normal subjects with HTN in population-based cohorts, and none have used continuous arterial spin-labeled MRI. This is a noninvasive technique that does not require either injections or ionizing radiation and can measure absolute rCBF rates over the entire brain. METHODS: rCBF was measured at 1.5 T using continuous arterial spin-labeled MRI in 41 cognitively normal subjects who were participating in the Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study. A deformable atrophy-corrected registration method was used to warp the rCBF maps to the standard colin27 brain space. Image and cluster-based statistical analyses were performed between subject groups. RESULTS: Cognitively normal subjects with HTN (n=19) had decreased rCBF in the putamen, globus pallidus, bilaterally, and in the left hippocampus compared with normotensives (n=22). In addition, decreased rCBF was observed in the right and left anterior cingulate gyrus with extension to the subcallosal region, left posterior cingulate gyrus and medial precuneus, left lateral inferior and superior frontal, and inferior parietal, left orbitofrontal, and left superior temporal cortices. CONCLUSIONS: rCBF is affected in normal subjects with HTN, not only in the subcortical regions, but also in limbic and paralimbic structures. We hypothesize that the HTN creates a vulnerability state for the development of neurodegenerative disorders, especially Alzheimer disease.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in normal cognitive-performing subjects with hypertension (HTN) using continuous arterial spin-labeled MRI. The most common explanation for the effect of blood pressure on cognition is that HTN increases the risk of cerebrovascular disease, and it may increase the risk for Alzheimer disease possibly through small vessel disease, ischemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, few studies to date have examined the rCBF of cognitively normal subjects with HTN in population-based cohorts, and none have used continuous arterial spin-labeled MRI. This is a noninvasive technique that does not require either injections or ionizing radiation and can measure absolute rCBF rates over the entire brain. METHODS:rCBF was measured at 1.5 T using continuous arterial spin-labeled MRI in 41 cognitively normal subjects who were participating in the Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study. A deformable atrophy-corrected registration method was used to warp the rCBF maps to the standard colin27 brain space. Image and cluster-based statistical analyses were performed between subject groups. RESULTS: Cognitively normal subjects with HTN (n=19) had decreased rCBF in the putamen, globus pallidus, bilaterally, and in the left hippocampus compared with normotensives (n=22). In addition, decreased rCBF was observed in the right and left anterior cingulate gyrus with extension to the subcallosal region, left posterior cingulate gyrus and medial precuneus, left lateral inferior and superior frontal, and inferior parietal, left orbitofrontal, and left superior temporal cortices. CONCLUSIONS:rCBF is affected in normal subjects with HTN, not only in the subcortical regions, but also in limbic and paralimbic structures. We hypothesize that the HTN creates a vulnerability state for the development of neurodegenerative disorders, especially Alzheimer disease.
Authors: I Skoog; B Lernfelt; S Landahl; B Palmertz; L A Andreasson; L Nilsson; G Persson; A Odén; A Svanborg Journal: Lancet Date: 1996-04-27 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Oscar L Lopez; Lewis H Kuller; James T Becker; Corinne Dulberg; Robert A Sweet; H Michael Gach; Steven T Dekosky Journal: Arch Neurol Date: 2007-03
Authors: J R Jennings; M F Muldoon; C Ryan; J C Price; P Greer; K Sutton-Tyrrell; F M van der Veen; C C Meltzer Journal: Neurology Date: 2005-04-26 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: J R Jennings; M F Muldoon; C M Ryan; M A Mintun; C C Meltzer; D W Townsend; K Sutton-Tyrrell; A P Shapiro; S B Manuck Journal: Hypertension Date: 1998-06 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: Katharina Wolf-Maier; Richard S Cooper; José R Banegas; Simona Giampaoli; Hans-Werner Hense; Michel Joffres; Mika Kastarinen; Neil Poulter; Paola Primatesta; Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo; Birgitta Stegmayr; Michael Thamm; Jaakko Tuomilehto; Diego Vanuzzo; Fenicia Vescio Journal: JAMA Date: 2003-05-14 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Ewoud J van Dijk; Monique M B Breteler; Reinhold Schmidt; Klaus Berger; Lars-Göran Nilsson; Matthijs Oudkerk; Andrzej Pajak; Susana Sans; Maria de Ridder; Carole Dufouil; Rebecca Fuhrer; Simona Giampaoli; Lenore J Launer; Albert Hofman Journal: Hypertension Date: 2004-10-04 Impact factor: 10.190
Authors: Oscar L Lopez; Lewis H Kuller; Annette Fitzpatrick; Diane Ives; James T Becker; Norman Beauchamp Journal: Neuroepidemiology Date: 2003 Jan-Feb Impact factor: 3.282
Authors: G B Karas; P Scheltens; S A R B Rombouts; P J Visser; R A van Schijndel; N C Fox; F Barkhof Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2004-10 Impact factor: 6.556
Authors: Wenna Duan; Parshant Sehrawat; Arvind Balachandrasekaran; Ashish B Bhumkar; Paresh B Boraste; James T Becker; Lewis H Kuller; Oscar L Lopez; H Michael Gach; Weiying Dai Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2020 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: Charles Lee; Oscar L Lopez; James T Becker; Cyrus Raji; Weiying Dai; Lewis H Kuller; H Michael Gach Journal: J Neuroimaging Date: 2009-03-09 Impact factor: 2.486
Authors: J Richard Jennings; Matthew F Muldoon; Ellen M Whyte; Joelle Scanlon; Julie Price; Carolyn C Meltzer Journal: Hypertension Date: 2008-11-03 Impact factor: 10.190