OBJECTIVES: To analyze the relationship between selected risk factors and prostate cancer risk in men younger than 60 years, using data from a large, multicenter, case-control study conducted in Italy. METHODS: Cases were 219 patients, aged 45 to 59 years, with histologically confirmed prostate cancer, and controls were 431 men of the same age group, admitted in hospital for acute, non-neoplastic diseases. RESULTS: A family history of prostate cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 5.5), brain cancer (OR = 3.7), and leukemia (OR = 6.2) were associated with prostate cancer risk. A significantly increased risk was found for high education level (OR = 3.3 for 12 or more years versus less than 7 years) and a decreased risk for physical activity (OR = 0.5 for active versus inactive). Coffee consumption was directly associated with risk of prostate cancer (OR = 1.9 for the third versus the first tertile). Bread consumption was directly related (OR = 1.6) and consumption of raw and total vegetables inversely related (OR = 0.6) to prostate cancer risk, although these associations were of borderline significance. No association emerged with marital status, body mass index, history of diabetes, alcohol drinking, and other considered foods. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that some recognized risk factors, including family history of prostate cancer, high level of education, and low physical activity, are associated with prostate cancer risk in middle-aged men.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the relationship between selected risk factors and prostate cancer risk in men younger than 60 years, using data from a large, multicenter, case-control study conducted in Italy. METHODS: Cases were 219 patients, aged 45 to 59 years, with histologically confirmed prostate cancer, and controls were 431 men of the same age group, admitted in hospital for acute, non-neoplastic diseases. RESULTS: A family history of prostate cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 5.5), brain cancer (OR = 3.7), and leukemia (OR = 6.2) were associated with prostate cancer risk. A significantly increased risk was found for high education level (OR = 3.3 for 12 or more years versus less than 7 years) and a decreased risk for physical activity (OR = 0.5 for active versus inactive). Coffee consumption was directly associated with risk of prostate cancer (OR = 1.9 for the third versus the first tertile). Bread consumption was directly related (OR = 1.6) and consumption of raw and total vegetables inversely related (OR = 0.6) to prostate cancer risk, although these associations were of borderline significance. No association emerged with marital status, body mass index, history of diabetes, alcohol drinking, and other considered foods. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that some recognized risk factors, including family history of prostate cancer, high level of education, and low physical activity, are associated with prostate cancer risk in middle-aged men.
Authors: Kathryn M Wilson; Julie L Kasperzyk; Jennifer R Rider; Stacey Kenfield; Rob M van Dam; Meir J Stampfer; Edward Giovannucci; Lorelei A Mucci Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2011-05-17 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: Steven C Moore; Tricia M Peters; Jiyoung Ahn; Yikyung Park; Arthur Schatzkin; Demetrius Albanes; Rachel Ballard-Barbash; Albert Hollenbeck; Michael F Leitzmann Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2008-08-25 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Sean Harrison; Kate Tilling; Emma L Turner; Richard M Martin; Rosie Lennon; J Athene Lane; Jenny L Donovan; Freddie C Hamdy; David E Neal; J L H Ruud Bosch; Hayley E Jones Journal: Cancer Causes Control Date: 2020-03-11 Impact factor: 2.506