NIR-spectroscopic investigation of water sorption characteristics of dental resins and composites.

A near infrared (NIR) method using the 5200 cm(-1) absorption of water has been employed to examine water absorbed in photopolymerized dental resins and composites in the form of 0.01-cm- to 0.15-cm-thick specimens. The concentration, c [mol L(-1)], of absorbed water in specimens of thickness t [cm] was calculated by means of Beer's law, A = e ct. A is the NIR absorbance and e is the absorptivity of absorbed water. e depends on the environment of the water molecule and it is necessary to estimate e for water in each material. Water sorption was determined gravimetrically and correlated to the absorbance in the NIR spectrum. Once the relationship between e and water content was known for a material, water sorption was determined rapidly on very thin specimens for faster equilibration. Where dissolution of the specimen occurred, the solubility behavior of the specimen was evaluated from a comparison of NIR and gravimetric measurements. The NIR absorptivity, e, of water absorbed in a polymeric medium was found to be inversely related to the degree of hydrophilicity and hydrogen bonding capability of the polymer. The presence of water clusters in a polyethylene oxide methacrylate polymer was inferred from convex-up curvature in the plot of e vs. water content.