PURPOSE: We investigated the relation between age at menopause, postmenopausal hormone (PMH) use, and incident primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: We followed 66,417 women in the Nurses' Health Study prospectively from 1980 to 2002. Eligible participants were > or =40 years old, free of POAG at baseline, provided information on menopausal status, and reported receiving eye examinations during follow-up. Relevant exposure data and POAG risk factors were updated using biennial questionnaires. We identified 447 POAG cases during follow-up. We used proportional hazards models to calculate multivariable rate ratios (MVRR) of POAG and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Among postmenopausal women overall, entering menopause before age 45 [MVRR=0.85 (0.63 to 1.14)] or at age > or =54 [MVRR=0.84 (0.60 to 1.18)] was not significantly associated with POAG compared with entering menopause at age 50 to 54. However, in secondary analysis, among postmenopausal women aged > or =65 years, entering menopause at age > or =54 years was associated with reduced risk of POAG compared with entering menopause at age 50 to 54 [MVRR=0.53 (0.32 to 0.89)]. Overall, compared with never use of PMH, past PMH use [MVRR=0.84 (0.61 to 1.18)], and current PMH use [MVRR=0.89 (0.70 to 1.13)] was not significantly associated with POAG. In secondary analysis, compared with never use of PMH, current use of estrogen with progestin [MVRR=0.58 (0.36 to 0.94)] was associated with a reduced risk of POAG characterized by intraocular pressure >21 mm Hg before visual field loss; current use estrogen alone [MVRR=0.93 (0.63 to 1.35)] was not significantly associated. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a possible role for declining sex hormones in POAG pathogenesis.
PURPOSE: We investigated the relation between age at menopause, postmenopausal hormone (PMH) use, and incident primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: We followed 66,417 women in the Nurses' Health Study prospectively from 1980 to 2002. Eligible participants were > or =40 years old, free of POAG at baseline, provided information on menopausal status, and reported receiving eye examinations during follow-up. Relevant exposure data and POAG risk factors were updated using biennial questionnaires. We identified 447 POAG cases during follow-up. We used proportional hazards models to calculate multivariable rate ratios (MVRR) of POAG and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Among postmenopausal women overall, entering menopause before age 45 [MVRR=0.85 (0.63 to 1.14)] or at age > or =54 [MVRR=0.84 (0.60 to 1.18)] was not significantly associated with POAG compared with entering menopause at age 50 to 54. However, in secondary analysis, among postmenopausal women aged > or =65 years, entering menopause at age > or =54 years was associated with reduced risk of POAG compared with entering menopause at age 50 to 54 [MVRR=0.53 (0.32 to 0.89)]. Overall, compared with never use of PMH, past PMH use [MVRR=0.84 (0.61 to 1.18)], and current PMH use [MVRR=0.89 (0.70 to 1.13)] was not significantly associated with POAG. In secondary analysis, compared with never use of PMH, current use of estrogen with progestin [MVRR=0.58 (0.36 to 0.94)] was associated with a reduced risk of POAG characterized by intraocular pressure >21 mm Hg before visual field loss; current use estrogen alone [MVRR=0.93 (0.63 to 1.35)] was not significantly associated. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a possible role for declining sex hormones in POAG pathogenesis.
Authors: Janey L Wiggs; Jae Hee Kang; Brian L Yaspan; Daniel B Mirel; Cathy Laurie; Andrew Crenshaw; Wendy Brodeur; Stephanie Gogarten; Lana M Olson; Wael Abdrabou; Elizabeth DelBono; Stephanie Loomis; Jonathan L Haines; Louis R Pasquale Journal: Hum Mol Genet Date: 2011-08-26 Impact factor: 6.150
Authors: Paula Anne Newman-Casey; Nidhi Talwar; Bin Nan; David C Musch; Louis R Pasquale; Joshua D Stein Journal: JAMA Ophthalmol Date: 2014-03 Impact factor: 7.389
Authors: Jae Hee Kang; Janey L Wiggs; Bernard A Rosner; Susan E Hankinson; Wael Abdrabou; Bao Jian Fan; Jonathan Haines; Louis R Pasquale Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2009-10-08 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Thasarat S Vajaranant; Brandon R Grossardt; Pauline M Maki; Louis R Pasquale; Arthur J Sit; Lynne T Shuster; Walter A Rocca Journal: Menopause Date: 2014-04 Impact factor: 2.953