Arthrocentesis--incentives for using this minimally invasive approach for temporomandibular disorders.

TMJ arthrocentesis is a nonarthroscopic lavage performed through two needles that are introduced into the upper compartment of the joint. Complemented by joint unloading and physiotherapy, this procedure often replaces surgical intervention in the TMJ. The procedure is highly efficient for resolving TMJ disorders caused by adhering forces or friction that are eliminated by lavage, such as intermittent clicking, anchored disc phenomenon, and open lock, and releases approximately 70% of the symptomatic TMJ osteoarthritis. The outcomes are sufficiently effective to prevent further surgical intervention. Arthrocentesis is a valuable diagnostic tool and the aspirated fluid can be used efficiently for diagnosis, therapy, and research of TMJ disorders.