Anatomy and functions of the muscles of facial expression.

The public yearning for cosmetic procedures is stronger now than ever before. More and more doctors from various specialties are performing these procedures. Because muscular facial activity is one of the major forces responsible for the formation of wrinkles, an intimate knowledge of facial muscular anatomy is necessary to consistently produce successful clinical outcomes. The author provides an intricate review of the anatomy of the muscles of facial expression and their relevance to cosmetic facial surgery.