DR5 activation of caspase-8 induces DC maturation and immune enhancement in vivo.

Non-homeostatic tissue apoptosis in vivo has been shown to induce inflammatory responses and facilitate the cross-presentation of proteins within apoptotic bodies. We hypothesize that in the presence of foreign antigens, the apoptotic-inflammatory process improves immune priming; further, molecules that trigger apoptosis may be adapted for use as immune adjuvants. One very attractive molecule in this context is the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family molecule DR5/TRAIL-receptor 2. We show a significant improvement in CD8(+) T-cell mediated vaccine immunity with the use of death receptor-5 (DR5) as an immune adjuvant, a property that is correlated with the activation of caspases-8 (casp8) and dependent on its ability to induce apoptosis in vivo.