Management of adult spinal deformity with combined anterior-posterior arthrodesis and Luque-Galveston instrumentation.

Twenty-five consecutive adult women with nonparalytic spinal deformity were treated with fusion to the sacrum. Two patients were lost to follow-up and one patient died, leaving 22 patients for review. All patients underwent a first-stage anterior spinal fusion without instrumentation followed by a second-stage posterior spinal fusion with Luque-Galveston instrumentation. The average age of the patients was 47 years (range, 25-64 years). The average follow-up was 39 months (range, 24-60 months). Ten patients had had previous surgery in the area of the instrumentation. The main indications were pain (22 patients), loss of sagittal plane balance (17 patients), and progression of the deformity (13 patients). Additional procedures included anterior corpectomies (five patients), anterior and posterior osteotomies (two patients), posterior osteotomies (eight patients), and posterior decompression (five patients). The average curve correction was 27% for thoracic scoliosis and 44% for lumbar scoliosis. Physiologic sagittal plane realignment was obtained in four patients who presented preoperatively with sagittal plane deformities. Pain improvement was reported in 14 of 22 (63%) patients. Nineteen (82%) patients had 34 complications. Pseudarthrosis occurred in nine patients (41%) and was successfully repaired in four; hence the fusion rate was 77% at follow-up. Of the 23 patients, one died from pulmonary embolism, 15 (66%) were in good condition, one (4%) was in fair condition, and seven (30%) were in poor condition. Previous surgery and additional procedures such as vertebrectomies or osteotomies did not adversely affect the outcome. There were no permanent neurologic deficits related to the instrumentation or the passage of sublaminar wires. The Luque-Galveston method provided correction of sagittal plane deformities and flatback syndrome.