BACKGROUND: Vein arterialization following bypass surgery often leads to graft occlusion, but the underlying cellular mechanisms have been poorly studied. OBJECTIVES: Cell cycle progression and the activation of proliferation signalling were compared in arterialized grafts prepared either according to the conventional procedure or using pharmacological relaxation with the native vein. METHODS: Using the porcine carotid-jugular bilateral interposition graft model on one side, a segment of porcine jugular vein was prepared for grafting using the conventional procedure, with pressure distention at 300 mmHg; the segment grafted on the other side was treated with a combination of pharmacological vasodilators. Both veins were grafted into the carotid artery for two weeks. RESULTS: On the immunolabelling of proliferation cell nuclear antigen, a greater number of proliferating cells was found in the conventionally prepared grafts compared with pharmacologically prepared grafts. Cyclin D1 expression and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma increased after implantation, coinciding with nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin, activation of the Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and upregulated phosphatase and tensin homologue phosphorylation. Replacement of distention with pharmacological relaxation reduced the increase in cyclin D1 expression, phosphorylation of retinoblastoma, Akt-Thr(308), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta and p38, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinases. This technique preserved the active phosphatase and tensin homologue, as well as the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Cip1), while elevating the expression of p27(Kip1). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that two-week arterial implantation stimulates proliferation signalling and promotes the cell cycle in vein grafts. Replacement of the conventional preparation procedures with pharmacological vasorelaxation restricts the activation of proliferation and cell cycle progression, and can be beneficial for improving vein graft patency.
BACKGROUND: Vein arterialization following bypass surgery often leads to graft occlusion, but the underlying cellular mechanisms have been poorly studied. OBJECTIVES: Cell cycle progression and the activation of proliferation signalling were compared in arterialized grafts prepared either according to the conventional procedure or using pharmacological relaxation with the native vein. METHODS: Using the porcine carotid-jugular bilateral interposition graft model on one side, a segment of porcine jugular vein was prepared for grafting using the conventional procedure, with pressure distention at 300 mmHg; the segment grafted on the other side was treated with a combination of pharmacological vasodilators. Both veins were grafted into the carotid artery for two weeks. RESULTS: On the immunolabelling of proliferation cell nuclear antigen, a greater number of proliferating cells was found in the conventionally prepared grafts compared with pharmacologically prepared grafts. Cyclin D1 expression and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma increased after implantation, coinciding with nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin, activation of the Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and upregulated phosphatase and tensin homologue phosphorylation. Replacement of distention with pharmacological relaxation reduced the increase in cyclin D1 expression, phosphorylation of retinoblastoma, Akt-Thr(308), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta and p38, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinases. This technique preserved the active phosphatase and tensin homologue, as well as the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Cip1), while elevating the expression of p27(Kip1). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that two-week arterial implantation stimulates proliferation signalling and promotes the cell cycle in vein grafts. Replacement of the conventional preparation procedures with pharmacological vasorelaxation restricts the activation of proliferation and cell cycle progression, and can be beneficial for improving vein graft patency.
Authors: Elizabeth B Uglow; Sadie Slater; Graciela B Sala-Newby; Concepción M Aguilera-Garcia; Gianni D Angelini; Andrew C Newby; Sarah J George Journal: Circ Res Date: 2003-05-29 Impact factor: 17.367
Authors: Daniel G Sedding; Ulrike Seay; Ludger Fink; Matthias Heil; Wolfgang Kummer; Harald Tillmanns; Ruediger C Braun-Dullaeus Journal: Circulation Date: 2003-06-30 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Y Izumi; S Kim; M Namba; H Yasumoto; H Miyazaki; M Hoshiga; Y Kaneda; R Morishita; Y Zhan; H Iwao Journal: Circ Res Date: 2001-06-08 Impact factor: 17.367
Authors: Ada W Y Chung; Pooja Rauniyar; Honglin Luo; York N Hsiang; Cornelis van Breemen; Elena B Okon Journal: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Date: 2006-10 Impact factor: 5.209
Authors: J R Nofer; R Junker; E Pulawski; M Fobker; B Levkau; A von Eckardstein; U Seedorf; G Assmann; M Walter Journal: Thromb Haemost Date: 2001-04 Impact factor: 5.249
Authors: Christine M Crowley; Cheng-Han Lee; Stephanie A Gin; Albert M Keep; Richard C Cook; Cornelis Van Breemen Journal: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Date: 2002-10 Impact factor: 4.733
Authors: Margreet R de Vries; Karin H Simons; J Wouter Jukema; Jerry Braun; Paul H A Quax Journal: Nat Rev Cardiol Date: 2016-05-19 Impact factor: 32.419