OBJECTIVE: Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) serves as a pattern recognition receptor for several endogenous ligands that are potent inducers of inflammation. By activating endothelial cells and leukocytes, RAGE augments recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, which is a key process, especially in vasculitis. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) acts as a naturally occurring inhibitor of RAGE by neutralizing proinflammatory ligands, e.g., S100A12. This neutrophil-derived protein has been reported to be associated with Kawasaki disease (KD) and to provoke proinflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to investigate circulating sRAGE in an acute inflammatory disorder and to compare these data directly with concentrations of the proinflammatory RAGE ligand S100A12. METHODS: Serum concentrations of sRAGE and S100A12 were analyzed by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 50 children with KD, and additionally in 39 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In 28 of the patients with KD, levels were analyzed longitudinally over the course of the disease. RESULTS: Patients with KD and those with systemic-onset JIA had decreased levels of sRAGE during active disease, especially those patients with KD who were more severely affected and not responding to treatment. In addition, the level of sRAGE correlated negatively with the level of proinflammatory S100A12. After intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in patients with KD, the S100A12:sRAGE ratio was significantly different between responders and nonresponders. CONCLUSION: Inverse regulation of both sRAGE and its proinflammatory ligand S100A12 seems to be a relevant molecular mechanism promoting systemic inflammation. Calculating the S100A12:sRAGE ratio might help to detect patients with KD who are at risk of being unresponsive to IVIG therapy.
OBJECTIVE:Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) serves as a pattern recognition receptor for several endogenous ligands that are potent inducers of inflammation. By activating endothelial cells and leukocytes, RAGE augments recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation, which is a key process, especially in vasculitis. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) acts as a naturally occurring inhibitor of RAGE by neutralizing proinflammatory ligands, e.g., S100A12. This neutrophil-derived protein has been reported to be associated with Kawasaki disease (KD) and to provoke proinflammatory responses. The aim of this study was to investigate circulating sRAGE in an acute inflammatory disorder and to compare these data directly with concentrations of the proinflammatory RAGE ligand S100A12. METHODS: Serum concentrations of sRAGE and S100A12 were analyzed by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 50 children with KD, and additionally in 39 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In 28 of the patients with KD, levels were analyzed longitudinally over the course of the disease. RESULTS:Patients with KD and those with systemic-onset JIA had decreased levels of sRAGE during active disease, especially those patients with KD who were more severely affected and not responding to treatment. In addition, the level of sRAGE correlated negatively with the level of proinflammatory S100A12. After intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in patients with KD, the S100A12:sRAGE ratio was significantly different between responders and nonresponders. CONCLUSION: Inverse regulation of both sRAGE and its proinflammatory ligand S100A12 seems to be a relevant molecular mechanism promoting systemic inflammation. Calculating the S100A12:sRAGE ratio might help to detect patients with KD who are at risk of being unresponsive to IVIG therapy.
Authors: Xuefeng B Ling; Jane L Park; Tanya Carroll; Khoa D Nguyen; Kenneth Lau; Claudia Macaubas; Edward Chen; Tzielan Lee; Christy Sandborg; Diana Milojevic; John T Kanegaye; Susanna Gao; Jane Burns; James Schilling; Elizabeth D Mellins Journal: Proteomics Date: 2010-11-23 Impact factor: 3.984
Authors: J M Forbes; J Söderlund; F Y T Yap; M Knip; S Andrikopoulos; J Ilonen; O Simell; R Veijola; K C Sourris; M T Coughlan; C Forsblom; R Slattery; S T Grey; M Wessman; H Yamamoto; A Bierhaus; M E Cooper; P-H Groop Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2011-02-06 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Helmut Wittkowski; Jasmin B Kuemmerle-Deschner; Judith Austermann; Dirk Holzinger; Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky; Katharina Gramlich; Peter Lohse; Thomas Jung; Johannes Roth; Susanne M Benseler; Dirk Foell Journal: Ann Rheum Dis Date: 2011-09-08 Impact factor: 19.103
Authors: Susan Shenoi; Jing-Ni Ou; Chester Ni; Claudia Macaubas; Vivian H Gersuk; Carol A Wallace; Elizabeth D Mellins; Anne M Stevens Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2015-08-12 Impact factor: 3.756