Booki Min1, William E Paul. 1. Department of Immunology/NB30, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Mechanisms involved in the development of in-vivo type 2 immunity are poorly defined. Basophils are potent IL-4-producing cells and may contribute to the process of polarizing immune responses. RECENT FINDINGS: Although basophils represent fewer than 0.5% of blood leukocytes, their frequency dramatically increases under certain circumstances, particularly Th2-related responses including parasitic infection and allergic inflammation. Recent studies proposed the hypothesis that basophils could contribute to the development of type 2 immunity by providing initial IL-4 important in T cell polarization and by recruiting other effector cells such as eosinophils or neutrophils. Multiple stimuli of IgE-dependent and IgE-independent pathways that lead to release of cytokines and mediators from activated basophils have been identified. In addition, progenitors that differentiate into mature basophils have recently been identified. SUMMARY: The current review revisits basophils with the goal of providing insights into understanding unappreciated roles of basophils in vivo.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Mechanisms involved in the development of in-vivo type 2 immunity are poorly defined. Basophils are potent IL-4-producing cells and may contribute to the process of polarizing immune responses. RECENT FINDINGS: Although basophils represent fewer than 0.5% of blood leukocytes, their frequency dramatically increases under certain circumstances, particularly Th2-related responses including parasitic infection and allergic inflammation. Recent studies proposed the hypothesis that basophils could contribute to the development of type 2 immunity by providing initial IL-4 important in T cell polarization and by recruiting other effector cells such as eosinophils or neutrophils. Multiple stimuli of IgE-dependent and IgE-independent pathways that lead to release of cytokines and mediators from activated basophils have been identified. In addition, progenitors that differentiate into mature basophils have recently been identified. SUMMARY: The current review revisits basophils with the goal of providing insights into understanding unappreciated roles of basophils in vivo.
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