PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Gastrointestinal disease caused by Salmonella species leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The use of various animal models has greatly advanced understanding of Salmonella pathogenesis at intestinal and systemic sites. This review will emphasize recent advances in the understanding of intestinal Salmonella infections. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent research has focused on bacterial products and the host pathogen recognition receptors involved in the activation of immune pathways. In particular, activation of Toll-like receptor 5 and Ipaf by Salmonella flagellin has been a major finding. The discovery of cryptopatches as novel lymphoid follicles and the characterization of intestinal dendritic cell populations have been examined in the context of Salmonella infections. The development and use of the streptomycin pretreated mouse model of enterocolitis has allowed researchers to probe the host factors contributing to intestinal immunopathology. Furthermore, the analysis of microbiota in Salmonella infections has provided new insights regarding the role of inflammation in gastrointestinal diseases. In addition, the contributions of specific Salmonella type 3-secreted effectors to the establishment and modulation of inflammation have been further refined. SUMMARY: New advances in animal models have allowed researchers to further define the contribution of specific bacterial and host factors involved in Salmonella-induced enterocolitis.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Gastrointestinal disease caused by Salmonella species leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The use of various animal models has greatly advanced understanding of Salmonella pathogenesis at intestinal and systemic sites. This review will emphasize recent advances in the understanding of intestinal Salmonella infections. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent research has focused on bacterial products and the host pathogen recognition receptors involved in the activation of immune pathways. In particular, activation of Toll-like receptor 5 and Ipaf by Salmonella flagellin has been a major finding. The discovery of cryptopatches as novel lymphoid follicles and the characterization of intestinal dendritic cell populations have been examined in the context of Salmonella infections. The development and use of the streptomycin pretreated mouse model of enterocolitis has allowed researchers to probe the host factors contributing to intestinal immunopathology. Furthermore, the analysis of microbiota in Salmonella infections has provided new insights regarding the role of inflammation in gastrointestinal diseases. In addition, the contributions of specific Salmonella type 3-secreted effectors to the establishment and modulation of inflammation have been further refined. SUMMARY: New advances in animal models have allowed researchers to further define the contribution of specific bacterial and host factors involved in Salmonella-induced enterocolitis.
Authors: Manuel Alvarez-Lobos; Daniela P Pizarro; Christian E Palavecino; Abner Espinoza; Valentina P Sebastián; Juan C Alvarado; Patricio Ibañez; Carlos Quintana; Orlando Díaz; Alexis M Kalergis; Susan M Bueno Journal: World J Gastroenterol Date: 2013-09-21 Impact factor: 5.742
Authors: Justin P Ingram; Sarah Tursi; Ting Zhang; Wei Guo; Chaoran Yin; Meghan A Wynosky-Dolfi; Joris van der Heijden; Kathy Q Cai; Masahiro Yamamoto; B Brett Finlay; Igor E Brodsky; Sergei I Grivennikov; Çagla Tükel; Siddharth Balachandran Journal: J Immunol Date: 2018-04-13 Impact factor: 5.422
Authors: A Jarry; L Crémet; N Caroff; C Bou-Hanna; J M Mussini; A Reynaud; A L Servin; J F Mosnier; V Liévin-Le Moal; C L Laboisse Journal: Mucosal Immunol Date: 2014-10-01 Impact factor: 7.313
Authors: Vincent M Bruno; Sebastian Hannemann; María Lara-Tejero; Richard A Flavell; Steven H Kleinstein; Jorge E Galán Journal: PLoS Pathog Date: 2009-08-07 Impact factor: 6.823