René Hurlemann1. 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany. renehurlemann@gmx.de
Abstract
DISCUSSIONS: The interaction of emotion and episodic encoding has costs and benefits. These costs and benefits have been characterized in oddball experiments, where a violation of prevailing neutral context through aversive oddballs is associated with subsequent hypermnesia for the aversive oddball and peri-emotional amnesia for the neutral context. Both hypermnesia and peri-emotional amnesia are amygdala-dependent and vary as a function of noradrenergic-glucocorticoid input to the amygdala during emotional episodic encoding. Pharmacological enhancement of this input allows to model the maladaptive effects of emotion on episodic encoding. Extrapolation of these findings to conditions of emotional trauma suggests that disinhibited noradrenergic-glucocorticoid signaling could serve as a crucial etiological contributor to the pathogenesis of peri-traumatic amnesia (PTA) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). CONCLUSIONS: Immediate pharmacological blockade of noradrenergic-glucocorticoid signaling might prove effective in the secondary prevention of PTA and PTSD.
DISCUSSIONS: The interaction of emotion and episodic encoding has costs and benefits. These costs and benefits have been characterized in oddball experiments, where a violation of prevailing neutral context through aversive oddballs is associated with subsequent hypermnesia for the aversive oddball and peri-emotional amnesia for the neutral context. Both hypermnesia and peri-emotional amnesia are amygdala-dependent and vary as a function of noradrenergic-glucocorticoid input to the amygdala during emotional episodic encoding. Pharmacological enhancement of this input allows to model the maladaptive effects of emotion on episodic encoding. Extrapolation of these findings to conditions of emotional trauma suggests that disinhibited noradrenergic-glucocorticoid signaling could serve as a crucial etiological contributor to the pathogenesis of peri-traumatic amnesia (PTA) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). CONCLUSIONS: Immediate pharmacological blockade of noradrenergic-glucocorticoid signaling might prove effective in the secondary prevention of PTA and PTSD.
Authors: Gustav Schelling; Benno Roozendaal; Till Krauseneck; Martin Schmoelz; Dominique DE Quervain; Josef Briegel Journal: Ann N Y Acad Sci Date: 2006-07 Impact factor: 5.691
Authors: Leila M Soravia; Markus Heinrichs; Amanda Aerni; Caroline Maroni; Gustav Schelling; Ulrike Ehlert; Benno Roozendaal; Dominique J-F de Quervain Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2006-03-27 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Amanda Aerni; Rafael Traber; Christoph Hock; Benno Roozendaal; Gustav Schelling; Andreas Papassotiropoulos; Roger M Nitsch; Ulrich Schnyder; Dominique J-F de Quervain Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2004-08 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Oezguer A Onur; Henrik Walter; Thomas E Schlaepfer; Anne K Rehme; Christoph Schmidt; Christian Keysers; Wolfgang Maier; René Hurlemann Journal: Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci Date: 2009-02-25 Impact factor: 3.436
Authors: Benjamin Becker; Lucas Androsch; Ralph T Jahn; Therese Alich; Nadine Striepens; Sebastian Markett; Wolfgang Maier; René Hurlemann Journal: Front Behav Neurosci Date: 2013-12-17 Impact factor: 3.558