Preventing extravasation injuries in neonates.

Sick and preterm neonates are particularly vulnerable to extravasation injury but many of these injuries could be prevented if a 'hyper-vigilant' approach to monitoring of the intravenous access is adopted. A number of barriers exist that may prevent rigorous and continuous monitoring of intravenous access sites in neonatal units. Several themes were identified in the literature as supporting quality nursing practice in this area, including: staffing and skill mix, preceptorship of newly qualified staff, continuing professional development, record keeping and communication. These themes are explored and recommendations made to help reduce the incidence of extravasation injury.