Sensitivity to research misconduct: a conceptual model.

Ethical sensitivity research suggests techniques for assessing people's sensitivity to research misconduct (RM). Based on our prior work in assessing ethical sensitivity, we present a conceptual model for assessing RM sensitivity. We propose conceptual and operational definitions of RM sensitivity (RMsen), and consider how the construct could be measured. RMsen is conceptualized as a cognitive ability, a skill which can be learned and assessed. RMsen involves an awareness that the research situation presents the possibility for misconduct to occur, and that one may have to decide what is right or wrong in the situation. Indicators of RMsen can take many forms and represent multiple content domains and dimensions. Four main content domains of RMsen are situational characteristics, RM issues, consequences, and stakeholders. In addition, linkages are potential connections made among elements in the different content domains. Three dimensions applicable to assessing RMsen include time, breadth, and depth. Although our focus is on RMsen, we believe that our model and methods may be extended to assessing sensitivity to the responsible conduct of research.