OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of meningococcal vaccines on pharyngeal carriage of meningococci. METHODS: Systematic review. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies. Controlled trials and observational studies which used comparison groups or compared carriage rates before and after vaccination were included in the review. RESULTS: Twenty-nine studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Twenty-five studies reported the effect of a polysaccharide vaccine, one the effect of a serogroup C conjugate vaccine and three the impact of serogroup B outer-membrane vaccines on overall and/or serogroup-specific meningococcal carriage rates. Ten studies of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccines found reduced serogroup-specific carriage; seven of these focussed on high-risk groups and had a short follow-up period. Only one of five studies of civilian populations in Africa showed a significantly reduced carriage. Many studies had methodological shortcomings. The one study which assessed the effect of a meningococcal conjugate vaccine on carriage showed a significant impact. Three studies of serogroup B outer-membrane protein vaccines showed no effect on carriage. CONCLUSIONS: A few well-designed trials of the impact of meningococcal vaccines on carriage have been undertaken. Such studies should be an essential component of the evaluation of new meningococcal vaccines, particularly those introduced to control epidemic meningococcal disease in Africa.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of meningococcal vaccines on pharyngeal carriage of meningococci. METHODS: Systematic review. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies. Controlled trials and observational studies which used comparison groups or compared carriage rates before and after vaccination were included in the review. RESULTS: Twenty-nine studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Twenty-five studies reported the effect of a polysaccharide vaccine, one the effect of a serogroup C conjugate vaccine and three the impact of serogroup B outer-membrane vaccines on overall and/or serogroup-specific meningococcal carriage rates. Ten studies of meningococcalpolysaccharide vaccines found reduced serogroup-specific carriage; seven of these focussed on high-risk groups and had a short follow-up period. Only one of five studies of civilian populations in Africa showed a significantly reduced carriage. Many studies had methodological shortcomings. The one study which assessed the effect of a meningococcal conjugate vaccine on carriage showed a significant impact. Three studies of serogroup B outer-membrane protein vaccines showed no effect on carriage. CONCLUSIONS: A few well-designed trials of the impact of meningococcal vaccines on carriage have been undertaken. Such studies should be an essential component of the evaluation of new meningococcal vaccines, particularly those introduced to control epidemic meningococcal disease in Africa.
Authors: Danny Altmann; Abraham Aseffa; Margaret Bash; Nicole Basta; Ray Borrow; Claire Broome; Dominique Caugant; Tom Clark; Jean-Marc Collard; Mamoudou Djingarey; David Goldblatt; Brian Greenwood; Ulla Griffiths; Rana Hajjeh; Musa Hassan-King; Stephane Hugonnet; Ann Marie Kimball; Marc LaForce; Calman MacLennan; Martin C J Maiden; Olivier Manigart; Leonard Mayer; Nancy Messonnier; Jennifer Moisi; Katie Moore; Daugla Doumagoum Moto; Judith Mueller; Maria Nascimento; Stephen Obaro; Rasmata Ouedraogo; Anne-Laure Page; Willima Perea; Gerd Pluschke; Mari-Pierre Preziosi; Samba Sow; David Stephens; James Stuart; Madeleiene Thomson; Sylvestre Tiendrebeogo; Jean-Francois Trape; Guy Vernet Journal: Vaccine Date: 2012-12-27 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Ulla Jounio; Annika Saukkoriipi; Holly B Bratcher; Aini Bloigu; Raija Juvonen; Sylvi Silvennoinen-Kassinen; Ari Peitso; Terttu Harju; Olli Vainio; Markku Kuusi; Martin C J Maiden; Maija Leinonen; Helena Käyhty; Maija Toropainen Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2011-11-30 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Siggeir F Brynjolfsson; Stefania P Bjarnarson; Elena Mori; Giuseppe Del Giudice; Ingileif Jonsdottir Journal: Clin Vaccine Immunol Date: 2011-09-07
Authors: Koen B Pouwels; Eelko Hak; Arie van der Ende; Hannah Christensen; Germie P J M van den Dobbelsteen; Maarten J Postma Journal: Hum Vaccin Immunother Date: 2013-02-13 Impact factor: 3.452