AIM: To analyse the growth of Bacillus anthracis during simulations of the UK anthrax vaccine manufacturing process. METHODS AND RESULTS: Simulated vaccine production runs were performed using the toxigenic, acapsulate Sterne 34F(2) strain of B. anthracis in semi-defined medium. After rising during the logarithmic growth phase, the pH of the culture starts to fall at about 18 h from pH 8.7 to reach <7.6 at 26 h, coincident with consumption of glucose and optimal production of protective antigen (PA; 7.89 g ml(-1), SD 1.0) and lethal factor (LF; 1.85 g ml(-1), SD 0.29). No increased breakdown of toxin antigens was seen over the 26-32 h period. When glucose was exhausted, amino acids (principally serine) were utilized as an alternative carbon source. Sporulation was not observed during the 32 h. CONCLUSIONS: PA and LF, the principal constituents in the UK anthrax vaccine, undergo little degradation during vaccine fermentation. The vaccine manufacturing process is robust and reproducible. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This is the first detailed analysis of the manufacturing process used for the UK acellular anthrax vaccine; insight gained into the process will support continued and safe vaccine manufacture.
AIM: To analyse the growth of Bacillus anthracis during simulations of the UK anthrax vaccine manufacturing process. METHODS AND RESULTS: Simulated vaccine production runs were performed using the toxigenic, acapsulate Sterne 34F(2) strain of B. anthracis in semi-defined medium. After rising during the logarithmic growth phase, the pH of the culture starts to fall at about 18 h from pH 8.7 to reach <7.6 at 26 h, coincident with consumption of glucose and optimal production of protective antigen (PA; 7.89 g ml(-1), SD 1.0) and lethal factor (LF; 1.85 g ml(-1), SD 0.29). No increased breakdown of toxin antigens was seen over the 26-32 h period. When glucose was exhausted, amino acids (principally serine) were utilized as an alternative carbon source. Sporulation was not observed during the 32 h. CONCLUSIONS:PA and LF, the principal constituents in the UK anthrax vaccine, undergo little degradation during vaccine fermentation. The vaccine manufacturing process is robust and reproducible. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This is the first detailed analysis of the manufacturing process used for the UK acellular anthrax vaccine; insight gained into the process will support continued and safe vaccine manufacture.
Authors: Eric K Dumas; Lori Garman; Hannah Cuthbertson; Sue Charlton; Bassam Hallis; Renata J M Engler; Shyamal Choudhari; William D Picking; Judith A James; A Darise Farris Journal: Vaccine Date: 2017-05-11 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Eric K Dumas; Timothy Gross; Jason Larabee; Lance Pate; Hannah Cuthbertson; Sue Charlton; Bassam Hallis; Renata J M Engler; Limone C Collins; Christina E Spooner; Hua Chen; Jimmy Ballard; Judith A James; A Darise Farris Journal: Clin Vaccine Immunol Date: 2017-11-06
Authors: Kenneth Smith; Lori Garman; Kathleen Norris; Jennifer Muther; Angie Duke; Renata J M Engler; Michael R Nelson; Limone C Collins; Christina Spooner; Carla Guthridge; Judith A James Journal: Microorganisms Date: 2021-06-02
Authors: Eric K Dumas; Hayati Demiraslan; Rebecca J Ingram; Rebecca M Sparks; Emily Muns; Adriana Zamora; Jason Larabee; Lori Garman; Jimmy D Ballard; Geert-Jan Boons; Judith A James; Uner Kayabas; Mehmet Doganay; A Darise Farris Journal: PLoS One Date: 2020-04-15 Impact factor: 3.240