Analysis of expression of MHC class I molecules and TAP genes in malignant human cell lines.

TAP proteins (transporters associated with antigen processing) take part in the transport of oligopeptides created in proteasomes from cytoplasm into endoplasmic reticulum. In the endoplasmic reticulum those oligopeptides are bound to MHC class I molecules and transported to the cell surface. TAP proteins consist of two subunits: TAP1 and TAP2. It has been previously shown that TAP protein expression can be decreased in malignant cells, followed by reduced protein expression or complete lack of MHC class I antigens on the cell surface. The aim of the study was to characterize of MHC class I protein expression and TAP mRNA synthesis in twenty human malignant tumor cell lines. MHC class I protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Expression of TAP genes was studied using RT-PCR and real-time PCR. All tested cell lines expressed MHC class I molecules. Flow cytometry showed different expression of MHC class I protein in tested cell lines. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of TAP1 and TAP2 gene transcripts in all cell lines examined. Quantitative real time PCR analysis showed differences of gene expression among cell lines tested.