Impact of the metabolic syndrome on angiographic and clinical events after coronary intervention using bare-metal or sirolimus-eluting stents.

Patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) are at increased risk for cardiovascular events. Although the number of patients with MS requiring coronary revascularization is increasing rapidly, the impact of MS on clinical events and restenosis in patients who undergo stent placement is not well defined. Seven hundred thirty-four consecutive patients with 734 de novo coronary lesions (<50 mm lesion length, reference vessel diameter <3.5 mm) were enrolled in this study. Four hundred thirty-seven patients were treated with bare-metal stents, and 297 patients were treated with sirolimus-eluting stents. Patients with bifurcation lesions, left main lesions, and ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarctions were excluded from the study. Patients were categorized into 3 groups: those with (1) diabetes mellitus (DM), (2) MS without DM, and (3) no MS and no DM. MS was defined according to American Heart Association and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria (the presence of > or =3 of the following criteria: obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased fasting glucose). Clinical follow-up was performed for > or =1 year (mean 27.5 +/- 18.1 months). One hundred sixty-four patients (22%) had DM, 180 patients (25%) had MS without DM, and 390 patients (53%) had no MS and no DM. Baseline clinical and angiographic parameters were comparable among the 3 groups, including lesion length and reference vessel diameter. In patients treated with bare-metal stents, the rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) at 12 months were 14% in patients without DM or MS, 18% in those with MS but no DM, and 33% in those with DM (p = 0.046). In patients treated with sirolimus-eluting stents, the MACE rates were 3% in patients without DM or MS, 4% in those with MS, and 13% in those with DM (p = 0.034). DM (odds ratio 2.14, 95% confidence interval 1.48 to 3.07, p <0.001) and bare-metal stent (odds ratio 2.51, 95% confidence interval 1.49 to 4.22, p <0.001) implantation were independent predictors of MACEs during follow-up, whereas MS was not predictive. Similarly, MS was not a predictor of target lesion revascularization. In conclusion, patients with MS did not have an increased risk for target lesion revascularization or a greater MACE rate compared with control patients during a 12 month follow-up period after bare-metal or drug-eluting stent placement. In contrast, DM is associated with significantly increased event rates.