OBJECTIVE: To examine sex differences in white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), reported to be more severe in older women. METHODS: A random community sample of 228 men and 204 women, aged 60-64, underwent brain MRI scans. WMHs on T2-weighted FLAIR MRI scans were measured using an automated procedure. Subjects were assessed for physical health, cognitive function, vascular risk factors and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping. RESULTS: Women had more WMHs in both deep and periventricular regions. Hypertension, heart disease and high homocysteine were significant determinants in men and current smoking in women. Hormone replacement therapy and APOE*E4 allele did not have an association with WMHs. WMHs were related to reduced processing speed in men, and had an association with poor physical health and lowered grip strength in both sexes. CONCLUSION: WMHs are more common in women, with somewhat different putative causes and consequences than men, but >80% of the variance in their causation remains unexplained. The focus in the investigation of WMHs should move beyond the examination for cerebrovascular disease.
OBJECTIVE: To examine sex differences in white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), reported to be more severe in older women. METHODS: A random community sample of 228 men and 204 women, aged 60-64, underwent brain MRI scans. WMHs on T2-weighted FLAIR MRI scans were measured using an automated procedure. Subjects were assessed for physical health, cognitive function, vascular risk factors and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping. RESULTS:Women had more WMHs in both deep and periventricular regions. Hypertension, heart disease and high homocysteine were significant determinants in men and current smoking in women. Hormone replacement therapy and APOE*E4 allele did not have an association with WMHs. WMHs were related to reduced processing speed in men, and had an association with poor physical health and lowered grip strength in both sexes. CONCLUSION: WMHs are more common in women, with somewhat different putative causes and consequences than men, but >80% of the variance in their causation remains unexplained. The focus in the investigation of WMHs should move beyond the examination for cerebrovascular disease.
Authors: Gail A Laughlin; Linda K McEvoy; Denise von Mühlen; Lori B Daniels; Donna Kritz-Silverstein; Jaclyn Bergstrom; Kevin Cummins; Claudia Der-Martirosian; Simerjot K Jassal; Elizabeth Barrett-Connor Journal: Psychosom Med Date: 2011-09-23 Impact factor: 4.312
Authors: Laura L Ekblad; Juha O Rinne; Pauli J Puukka; Hanna K Laine; Satu E Ahtiluoto; Raimo O Sulkava; Matti H Viitanen; Antti M Jula Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2015-08-15 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Sabrina Schilling; Anita L DeStefano; Perminder S Sachdev; Seung Hoan Choi; Karen A Mather; Charles D DeCarli; Wei Wen; Peter Høgh; Naftali Raz; Rhoda Au; Alexa Beiser; Philip A Wolf; José Rafael Romero; Yi-Cheng Zhu; Kathryn L Lunetta; Lindsay Farrer; Carole Dufouil; Lewis H Kuller; Bernard Mazoyer; Sudha Seshadri; Christophe Tzourio; Stéphanie Debette Journal: Neurology Date: 2013-07-16 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: I Blasko; M Hinterberger; G Kemmler; S Jungwirth; W Krampla; T Leitha; K Heinz Tragl; P Fischer Journal: J Nutr Health Aging Date: 2012-08 Impact factor: 4.075
Authors: George Fein; Ryan Shimotsu; Victoria Di Sclafani; Jerome Barakos; Clive Harper Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2008-10-18 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: Yusuke Osawa; Qu Tian; Yang An; Stephanie A Studenski; Susan M Resnick; Luigi Ferrucci Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2021-01-18 Impact factor: 6.053
Authors: Hugo J Aparicio; Rodica E Petrea; Joseph M Massaro; Warren J Manning; Noriko Oyama-Manabe; Alexa S Beiser; Carlos S Kase; Ralph B D'Agostino; Philip A Wolf; Ramachandran S Vasan; Charles DeCarli; Christopher J O'Donnell; Sudha Seshadri Journal: Atherosclerosis Date: 2017-06-23 Impact factor: 5.162