Evaluation of the ruminant serum chemistry profile.

In general, laboratory tests provide useful information about a patient and aid in making a diagnosis, determining a prognosis, formulating a treatment plan, and monitoring response. The serum chemistry profile, composed of a battery of tests, is readily available to clinicians through in-house testing or veterinary reference and diagnostic laboratories. A chemistry profile allows for evaluation of several body systems and assessment of metabolic, acid-base, or electrolyte disturbances. The first sections of this article introduce concepts important to all laboratory tests, such as sample collection and handling, reference intervals, and quality control. The remainder of the article discusses each of the analytes found on a typical clinical chemistry profile and the interpretation of abnormal results.