BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide with multiple neuroprotective properties. In addition, it is well tolerated in high doses with minimal side effects. The purposes of this study were to determine whether carnosine is neuroprotective in permanent focal cerebral ischemia and to determine potential mechanisms of neuroprotection. METHODS: We investigated the efficacy of carnosine in a mouse model of permanent focal cerebral ischemia. The effects of carnosine were investigated with respect to neuronal damage and infarct formation, endogenous antioxidant status, and matrix metalloproteinase activity. RESULTS: Carnosine significantly decreased infarct size and neuronal damage when administered at time points both before and after the induction of ischemia. Carnosine also decreased reactive oxygen species levels in the ischemic brain, preserved normal glutathione levels, and decreased matrix metalloproteinase protein levels and activity. CONCLUSIONS: Carnosine is neuroprotective in focal cerebral ischemia and appears to influence deleterious pathological processes that are activated after the onset of ischemia.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide with multiple neuroprotective properties. In addition, it is well tolerated in high doses with minimal side effects. The purposes of this study were to determine whether carnosine is neuroprotective in permanent focal cerebral ischemia and to determine potential mechanisms of neuroprotection. METHODS: We investigated the efficacy of carnosine in a mouse model of permanent focal cerebral ischemia. The effects of carnosine were investigated with respect to neuronal damage and infarct formation, endogenous antioxidant status, and matrix metalloproteinase activity. RESULTS: Carnosine significantly decreased infarct size and neuronal damage when administered at time points both before and after the induction of ischemia. Carnosine also decreased reactive oxygen species levels in the ischemic brain, preserved normal glutathione levels, and decreased matrix metalloproteinase protein levels and activity. CONCLUSIONS: Carnosine is neuroprotective in focal cerebral ischemia and appears to influence deleterious pathological processes that are activated after the onset of ischemia.
Authors: Levy W Macedo; José H Cararo; Soliany G Maravai; Cinara L Gonçalves; Giovanna M T Oliveira; Luiza W Kist; Camila Guerra Martinez; Eleonora Kurtenbach; Maurício R Bogo; Alan R Hipkiss; Emilio L Streck; Patrícia F Schuck; Gustavo C Ferreira Journal: Mol Neurobiol Date: 2015-10-17 Impact factor: 5.590
Authors: Ok-Nam Bae; Kelsey Serfozo; Seung-Hoon Baek; Ki Yong Lee; Anne Dorrance; Wilson Rumbeiha; Scott D Fitzgerald; Muhammad U Farooq; Bharath Naravelta; Archit Bhatt; Arshad Majid Journal: Stroke Date: 2012-12-18 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Eva Riedl; Hannes Koeppel; Frederick Pfister; Verena Peters; Sibylle Sauerhoefer; Paula Sternik; Paul Brinkkoetter; Hanswalter Zentgraf; Gerjan Navis; Robert H Henning; Jacob Van Den Born; Stephan J L Bakker; Bart Janssen; Fokko J van der Woude; Benito A Yard Journal: Diabetes Date: 2010-05-11 Impact factor: 9.461