Transseptal left heart catheterization for a patient with a prosthetic mitral valve using live three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.

The images and videos presented in this article illustrate a diagnostic transseptal left heart catheterization for a patient with a prosthetic mitral valve guided by live three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography. This method provided high-quality 3D imaging that was useful in guiding transseptal puncture and demonstrating prosthetic valve function during this evaluation.