Follicular bronchiolitis associated with lung abscess in an eight-year-old girl.

Hemoptysis as a result of pulmonary or bronchial pathologies is a rare but potentially serious problem in childhood. The presented case is an eight-year-old previously healthy girl who was admitted to the emergency department because of recurrent hemoptysis. Because high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) showed an abscess cavity, antibiotic therapy was continued about six weeks. Lobectomy was done when massive hemoptysis recurred. Histopathological examination revealed follicular bronchiolitis, which is a very rare entity, particularly in childhood. Although HRCT imaging is of great value in the diagnosis of this disease, in our case it failed to show any evidence of follicular bronchiolitis. In conclusion, the definitive diagnosis of follicular bronchiolitis always requires histopathologic examination of open lung biopsy.