OBJECTIVE: Excess soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), and reduced placental growth factor (PlGF) mediate the genesis of preeclampsia. Cigarette smoking reduces the risk of preeclampsia. We hypothesized that placental secretion of sFlt-1 and PlGF was affected by exposure to cigarette smoke extract. STUDY DESIGN: Term placental villous explants were cultured with cigarette smoke extract. Media were analyzed for sFlt-1 and PlGF. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL staining. Results are reported as sFlt-1 or PlGF picogram/milliliter/milligram wet weight of explant. RESULTS: Exposure to cigarette smoke extract reduced secretion of sFlt-1 in a dose-dependent manner. There was no difference in apoptosis. In contrast with sFlt-1, PlGF did not decline when incubated with cigarette smoke extract. CONCLUSION: Exposure of placental villous explants to cigarette smoke extract results in a proangiogenic state with reduced sFlt-1 and relative abundance of PlGF. This is the reverse of changes that are seen in preeclampsia and may explain the reduction of preeclampsia in smokers.
OBJECTIVE: Excess soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), and reduced placental growth factor (PlGF) mediate the genesis of preeclampsia. Cigarette smoking reduces the risk of preeclampsia. We hypothesized that placental secretion of sFlt-1 and PlGF was affected by exposure to cigarette smoke extract. STUDY DESIGN: Term placental villous explants were cultured with cigarette smoke extract. Media were analyzed for sFlt-1 and PlGF. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL staining. Results are reported as sFlt-1 or PlGF picogram/milliliter/milligram wet weight of explant. RESULTS: Exposure to cigarette smoke extract reduced secretion of sFlt-1 in a dose-dependent manner. There was no difference in apoptosis. In contrast with sFlt-1, PlGF did not decline when incubated with cigarette smoke extract. CONCLUSION: Exposure of placental villous explants to cigarette smoke extract results in a proangiogenic state with reduced sFlt-1 and relative abundance of PlGF. This is the reverse of changes that are seen in preeclampsia and may explain the reduction of preeclampsia in smokers.
Authors: Daniel M Kraus; Liping Feng; R Phillips Heine; Haywood L Brown; Kathleen M Caron; Amy P Murtha; Chad A Grotegut Journal: Reprod Sci Date: 2013-05-07 Impact factor: 3.060
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Authors: Arun Jeyabalan; Robert W Powers; Allison R Durica; Gail F Harger; James M Roberts; Roberta B Ness Journal: Am J Hypertens Date: 2008-06-19 Impact factor: 2.689
Authors: Arun Jeyabalan; Robert W Powers; Rebecca G Clifton; Peter Van Dorsten; John C Hauth; Mark A Klebanoff; Marshall D Lindheimer; Baha Sibai; Mark Landon; Menachem Miodovnik Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-10-12 Impact factor: 3.240