Baseline hemodynamics in anesthetized landrace-large white swine: reference values for research in cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation models.

The use of swine in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) research has increased in the last decades. Landrace-Large White (LLW) swine are a farm breed of pigs. The aims of the present study were to describe the baseline hemodynamics of this breed and to demonstrate that it is suitable for CPR research. The systolic and diastolic pressures of the descending aorta (mean +/- 1 standard deviation; n = 29) were 111.72 +/- 13.61 and 79.03 +/- 12.08 mm Hg, respectively, whereas the mean systolic and diastolic pressures of the left ventricle were 108.97 +/- 12.06 and 8.88 +/- 1.81 mm Hg, respectively. The mean pressures of the right atrium were 10.93 +/- 1.36 mm Hg (systolic) and 4.10 +/- 1.01 mm Hg (diastolic), whereas the value obtained by using near-infrared spectroscopy to determine brain regional oxygen saturation was 64.55% +/- 3.88%. LLW can be considered a suitable breed for CPR research because of the close similarity of its hemodynamic values to those of humans.