BACKGROUND: The effect of vitamin A supplementation on viral gastrointestinal infections among young children living in developing countries remains unclear. METHODS: The effect of vitamin A supplementation on norovirus (NoV) infection among 127 Mexican children 5-15 months of age was studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial during June-August 1998. Stool samples collected every 2 weeks and after diarrheal episodes were screened for NoV and characterized at the genogroup level (GI and GII). RESULTS: Of the stool samples collected, 29.9% were positive for NoV, and NoV GI and NoV GII were found in 55.4% and 46.4% of the positive samples, respectively. Vitamin A supplementation reduced the prevalence of NoV GII infections (rate ratio [RR], 0.60 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.20-0.82]), increased the length of both NoV GI and GII shedding, and decreased the prevalence of NoV-associated diarrhea (RR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.26-0.97]). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that NoV is an important cause of pediatric diarrhea in this study population and that vitamin A supplementation has divergent effects on specific outcomes of NoV infection.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The effect of vitamin A supplementation on viral gastrointestinal infections among young children living in developing countries remains unclear. METHODS: The effect of vitamin A supplementation on norovirus (NoV) infection among 127 Mexican children 5-15 months of age was studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial during June-August 1998. Stool samples collected every 2 weeks and after diarrheal episodes were screened for NoV and characterized at the genogroup level (GI and GII). RESULTS: Of the stool samples collected, 29.9% were positive for NoV, and NoV GI and NoV GII were found in 55.4% and 46.4% of the positive samples, respectively. Vitamin A supplementation reduced the prevalence of NoV GII infections (rate ratio [RR], 0.60 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.20-0.82]), increased the length of both NoV GI and GII shedding, and decreased the prevalence of NoV-associated diarrhea (RR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.26-0.97]). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that NoV is an important cause of pediatric diarrhea in this study population and that vitamin A supplementation has divergent effects on specific outcomes of NoV infection.
Authors: Daniel J Raiten; Fayrouz A Sakr Ashour; A Catharine Ross; Simin N Meydani; Harry D Dawson; Charles B Stephensen; Bernard J Brabin; Parminder S Suchdev; Ben van Ommen Journal: J Nutr Date: 2015-04-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: David R Kaufman; Jaime De Calisto; Nathaniel L Simmons; Ashley N Cruz; Eduardo J Villablanca; J Rodrigo Mora; Dan H Barouch Journal: J Immunol Date: 2011-07-15 Impact factor: 5.422
Authors: Kurt Z Long; Coralith Garcia; GwangPyo Ko; Jose I Santos; Abdullah Al Mamun; Jorge L Rosado; Herbert L DuPont; Nanda Nathakumar Journal: J Nutr Date: 2011-03-16 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Vivienne Woo; Emily M Eshleman; Seika Hashimoto-Hill; Jordan Whitt; Shu-En Wu; Laura Engleman; Taylor Rice; Rebekah Karns; Joseph E Qualls; David B Haslam; Bruce A Vallance; Theresa Alenghat Journal: Cell Host Microbe Date: 2021-10-21 Impact factor: 21.023
Authors: Kurt Z Long; Jorge L Rosado; José Ignacio Santos; Meredith Haas; Abdullah Al Mamun; Herbert L DuPont; Nanda N Nanthakumar; Teresa Estrada-Garcia Journal: Infect Immun Date: 2009-12-28 Impact factor: 3.441
Authors: Kaitlin J Soye; Claire Trottier; Thomas Z Di Lenardo; Katherine H Restori; Lee Reichman; Wilson H Miller; Brian J Ward Journal: Virol J Date: 2013-11-14 Impact factor: 4.099