Macroscopic evidence of the effect of interfacial slippage on adhesion.

The adhesion strengths of a viscoelastic adhesive were measured on various substrates that were prepared by grafting silanes bearing organic functional groups to silicon wafers. Conventional theories predict that adhesion should be proportional to the surface free energy of the substrate; but adhesion on a fluorocarbon surface was significantly greater than on some of the hydrocarbon surfaces, although the fluorocarbon surface has the lowest surface free energy. This result could be explained by invoking a model of adhesion based on the slippage of the adhesive at the interface.