Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori.

Although there are attempts to perform Helicobacter pylori diagnosis directly in vivo using magnification endoscopy, most articles on diagnosis this year concerned non-invasive tests and molecular methods. For urea breath tests, there are attempts to have a quicker and cheaper test and to evaluate its role in cases of premalignant lesions. For stool antigens tests, evaluation of kits using monoclonal antibodies was carried out. Molecular tests have been applied for typing and detection of resistant mutants.