Gossypol pharmacokinetics in mid-lactation Brown Swiss dairy cows.

A bolus equivalent to 450 ppm (dosage based on average feed intake for lactating dairy cows of similar mass) of gossypol was administered orally to three Brown Swiss dairy cows in mid lactation daily for a 7-day treatment period. Blood samples were taken during a 2-day pretreatment period, the 7-day treatment period and a 6-day recovery period. The serum recovered from the cows was stored at -20 degrees C until analysis for extractable gossypol content. The highest concentration of gossypol (a mean of 0.53 microgram/ml serum) was attained in all the cows on day 6 of the treatment period, indicating that a steady-state condition had been reached before the end of the treatment period. The gossypol concentrations then gradually declined during the 6-day recovery period but never fell to the zero baseline. The cows exhibited terminal elimination half-lives of 67, 67.5 and 40 h. Gossypol elimination was best described by a bi-exponential decay curve in two cows and a mono-exponential decay curve in the remaining cow.