Identification and characterization of a novel phosphorylation site on the GluR1 subunit of AMPA receptors.

Phosphorylation of various AMPA receptor subunits can alter synaptic transmission and plasticity at excitatory glutamatergic synapses in the central nervous system. Here, we identified threonine-840 (T840) on the GluR1 subunit of AMPA receptors as a novel phosphorylation site. T840 is phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) in vitro and is a highly turned-over phosphorylation site in the hippocampus. Interestingly, the high basal phosphorylation of T840 in the hippocampus is maintained by a persistent activity of a protein kinase, which is counter-balanced by a basal protein phosphatase activity. To study the function of T840, we generated a line of mutant mice lacking this phosphorylation site using a gene knock-in technique. The mice generated lack T840, in addition to two previously identified phosphorylation sites S831 and S845. Using this mouse, we demonstrate that T840 may regulate synaptic plasticity in an age-dependent manner.