OBJECTIVE: This study examined gender differences in depression by examining differential exposure and vulnerability to socioeconomic factors during the life course. METHODS: The data used for the analyses originated from a cross-national survey of older adults living in seven large Latin American cities. We examined associations between depressive symptomatology and socioeconomic conditions and health indicators in childhood, adulthood, and old age. We used the Geriatric Depression Scale to classify respondents with high levels of depressive symptoms. RESULT: The prevalence of depression in the urban population of Latin America was relatively low, ranging across cities from 0.4 to 5.2% in men and from 0.3 to 9.5% in women. Women were more exposed to social and material disadvantages during their life course than men but were not more vulnerable to them than men. Current socioeconomic conditions and health status as well as functional disabilities mainly accounted for gender differences in the prevalence of depression. Additionally, poor health and hunger during childhood, as well as illiteracy or lack of education, were associated with depression in both men and women. DISCUSSION: Cumulative life course exposure to social and material disadvantage and current material, social, and health conditions explain the higher frequency of depression in women.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined gender differences in depression by examining differential exposure and vulnerability to socioeconomic factors during the life course. METHODS: The data used for the analyses originated from a cross-national survey of older adults living in seven large Latin American cities. We examined associations between depressive symptomatology and socioeconomic conditions and health indicators in childhood, adulthood, and old age. We used the Geriatric Depression Scale to classify respondents with high levels of depressive symptoms. RESULT: The prevalence of depression in the urban population of Latin America was relatively low, ranging across cities from 0.4 to 5.2% in men and from 0.3 to 9.5% in women. Women were more exposed to social and material disadvantages during their life course than men but were not more vulnerable to them than men. Current socioeconomic conditions and health status as well as functional disabilities mainly accounted for gender differences in the prevalence of depression. Additionally, poor health and hunger during childhood, as well as illiteracy or lack of education, were associated with depression in both men and women. DISCUSSION: Cumulative life course exposure to social and material disadvantage and current material, social, and health conditions explain the higher frequency of depression in women.
Authors: Julia Del Amo; Inma Jarrín; Ana García-Fulgueiras; Vicente Ibáñez-Rojo; Débora Alvarez; Maria Angeles Rodríguez-Arenas; Rocío García-Pina; Alberto Fernández-Liria; Visitación García-Ortúzar; Domingo Díaz; Lucía Mazarrasa; Maria Victoria Zunzunegui; Alicia Llácer Journal: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Date: 2010-09-28 Impact factor: 4.328
Authors: Jacqueline M Torres; Kara E Rudolph; Oleg Sofrygin; M Maria Glymour; Rebeca Wong Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2018-10-01 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: Laura Sampson; Silvia S Martins; Shui Yu; Alexandre Dias Porto Chiavegatto Filho; Laura Helena Andrade; Maria Carmen Viana; Maria Elena Medina-Mora; Corina Benjet; Yolanda Torres; Marina Piazza; Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola; Alfredo H Cia; Juan Carlos Stagnaro; Alan M Zaslavsky; Ronald C Kessler; Sandro Galea Journal: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Date: 2018-09-01 Impact factor: 4.328
Authors: Mariella Guerra; Cleusa P Ferri; Ana Luisa Sosa; Aquiles Salas; Ciro Gaona; Victor Gonzales; Gabriela Rojas de la Torre; Martin Prince Journal: Br J Psychiatry Date: 2009-12 Impact factor: 9.319
Authors: Flávia Cristina Drumond Andrade; Ahmad Iqmer Nashriq Mohd Nazan; Maria Lúcia Lebrão; Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira Duarte Journal: J Aging Res Date: 2013-04-04