Patrick Smith1, William Yule2, Sean Perrin2, Troy Tranah2, Tim Dalgleish2, David M Clark2. 1. Drs. Smith, Perrin, Tranah, Yule, and Clark are with Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry; and Dr. Dalgleish is with the Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK.. Electronic address: patrick.smith@iop.kcl.ac.uk. 2. Drs. Smith, Perrin, Tranah, Yule, and Clark are with Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry; and Dr. Dalgleish is with the Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of individual trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and young people. METHOD: Following a 4-week symptom-monitoring baseline period, 24 children and young people (8-18 years old) who met full DSM-IV PTSD diagnostic criteria after experiencing single-incident traumatic events (motor vehicle accidents, interpersonal violence, or witnessing violence) were randomly allocated to a 10-week course of individual CBT or to placement on a waitlist (WL) for 10 weeks. RESULTS: Compared to the WL group, participants who received CBT showed significantly greater improvement in symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety, with significantly better functioning. After CBT, 92% of participants no longer met criteria for PTSD; after WL, 42% of participants no longer met criteria. CBT gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Effects of CBT were partially mediated by changes in maladaptive cognitions, as predicted by cognitive models of PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: Individual trauma-focused CBT is an effective treatment for PTSD in children and young people.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of individual trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and young people. METHOD: Following a 4-week symptom-monitoring baseline period, 24 children and young people (8-18 years old) who met full DSM-IV PTSD diagnostic criteria after experiencing single-incident traumatic events (motor vehicle accidents, interpersonal violence, or witnessing violence) were randomly allocated to a 10-week course of individual CBT or to placement on a waitlist (WL) for 10 weeks. RESULTS: Compared to the WL group, participants who received CBT showed significantly greater improvement in symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety, with significantly better functioning. After CBT, 92% of participants no longer met criteria for PTSD; after WL, 42% of participants no longer met criteria. CBT gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Effects of CBT were partially mediated by changes in maladaptive cognitions, as predicted by cognitive models of PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: Individual trauma-focused CBT is an effective treatment for PTSD in children and young people.
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