Atomic displacements in BiFeO(3) as a function of temperature: neutron diffraction study.

The parameters of the crystal structure of BiFeO(3), described within the space group R3c, have been determined by high-resolution neutron powder diffraction for temperatures from 293 to 923 K. It was found that there is a local minimum for the rhombohedral angle alpha(rh), near the Néel temperature T(N) approximately 640 K, a gradual rotation of the FeO(6) octahedra and an increase of the Fe-O-Fe angle. The displacement of the Bi(3+) ions from the FeO(6) octahedra which influence the electric polarization decreases with temperature. One of the Bi-Fe distances also has a local maximum near T(N). The atomic vibrations of Bi(3+) and O(2-) ions show a significant anisotropy.