Transcriptional control of the Pgc-1alpha gene in skeletal muscle in vivo.

Endurance exercise promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle possibly by inducing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha gene transcription through activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. A novel imaging analysis revealed the importance of activating transcription factor 2 and histone deacetylase 5/myocyte enhancer factor 2 in the regulation of the Pgc-1alpha gene in skeletal muscle in vivo.