OBJECTIVES: Difficult diagnoses and a lack of effective therapy complicate biliary tract malignancies. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a human bile duct epithelium growth factor correlated with tumor burden. We evaluated the usefulness of serum IL-6 in the diagnosis of primary BDC and measured changes in serum IL-6 levels following photodynamic therapy (PDT). METHODS: We prospectively measured serum IL-6 levels in patients with BDC (N = 26: 14 patients treated with PDT, 12 with biliary drainage alone), hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC, N = 26), and healthy adults (N = 23). Serum IL-6 levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients with clinical conditions known to increase IL-6 levels were excluded. RESULTS: IL-6 was detected in all patients with BDC and HCC, and in 6 of 23 healthy adults. Median and mean levels of IL-6 were higher in patients with BDC than in both other groups (P < 0.001). Using a 25.8 pg/mL cutoff, IL-6 provided a diagnostic sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 92%; positive and negative predictive values were 83% and 87%, respectively. Serum levels of IL-6 were correlated with tumor burden in BDC patients. One month after treatment of BDC with PDT, the mean IL-6 level decreased significantly from 282.1 +/- 121.8 to 38.2 +/- 9.9 pg/mL (P= 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Serum IL-6 concentration is a useful addition to the available tests for the differential diagnosis of BDC, and serves as a marker for monitoring the response to treatment of BDC with PDT.
OBJECTIVES: Difficult diagnoses and a lack of effective therapy complicate biliary tract malignancies. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a human bile duct epithelium growth factor correlated with tumor burden. We evaluated the usefulness of serum IL-6 in the diagnosis of primary BDC and measured changes in serum IL-6 levels following photodynamic therapy (PDT). METHODS: We prospectively measured serum IL-6 levels in patients with BDC (N = 26: 14 patients treated with PDT, 12 with biliary drainage alone), hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC, N = 26), and healthy adults (N = 23). Serum IL-6 levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients with clinical conditions known to increase IL-6 levels were excluded. RESULTS:IL-6 was detected in all patients with BDC and HCC, and in 6 of 23 healthy adults. Median and mean levels of IL-6 were higher in patients with BDC than in both other groups (P < 0.001). Using a 25.8 pg/mL cutoff, IL-6 provided a diagnostic sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 92%; positive and negative predictive values were 83% and 87%, respectively. Serum levels of IL-6 were correlated with tumor burden in BDC patients. One month after treatment of BDC with PDT, the mean IL-6 level decreased significantly from 282.1 +/- 121.8 to 38.2 +/- 9.9 pg/mL (P= 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Serum IL-6 concentration is a useful addition to the available tests for the differential diagnosis of BDC, and serves as a marker for monitoring the response to treatment of BDC with PDT.
Authors: Jesus M Banales; Jose J G Marin; Angela Lamarca; Pedro M Rodrigues; Shahid A Khan; Lewis R Roberts; Vincenzo Cardinale; Guido Carpino; Jesper B Andersen; Chiara Braconi; Diego F Calvisi; Maria J Perugorria; Luca Fabris; Luke Boulter; Rocio I R Macias; Eugenio Gaudio; Domenico Alvaro; Sergio A Gradilone; Mario Strazzabosco; Marco Marzioni; Cédric Coulouarn; Laura Fouassier; Chiara Raggi; Pietro Invernizzi; Joachim C Mertens; Anja Moncsek; Sumera Rizvi; Julie Heimbach; Bas Groot Koerkamp; Jordi Bruix; Alejandro Forner; John Bridgewater; Juan W Valle; Gregory J Gores Journal: Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2020-06-30 Impact factor: 46.802
Authors: Lipika Goyal; Hui Zheng; Matthew B Yurgelun; Thomas A Abrams; Jill N Allen; James M Cleary; Michelle Knowles; Eileen Regan; Amanda Reardon; Anna Khachatryan; Rakesh K Jain; Valentina Nardi; Darrell R Borger; Dan G Duda; Andrew X Zhu Journal: Cancer Date: 2017-02-13 Impact factor: 6.860
Authors: Mans Broekgaarden; Ruud Weijer; Thomas M van Gulik; Michael R Hamblin; Michal Heger Journal: Cancer Metastasis Rev Date: 2015-12 Impact factor: 9.264