Characterization of human control region sequences for Spanish individuals in a forensic mtDNA data set.

Population data on the hypervariable regions of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome are used to convey the relative rarity of mtDNA profiles obtained from evidence samples and of profiles used to identify missing persons. In this study, mtDNA profiles of Spanish individuals (n=312) were analyzed to describe haplogroup distributions and to determine relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of those haplogroups. All nine common European haplogroups were observed in the sample, and these were divided into subgroups when possible. Haplogroup H was the most common haplogroup. The haplogroups U, J, T, and V were the next most frequent groups, each occurring at a frequency of 6.4% or greater. In addition, African and Asian sequences were present though rare in the samples. The data were compared with and found to be similar to other published data sets. There were 109 SNPs observed in the data set, including 10 positions not previously reported. The most variable sites are consistent with other studies.