BACKGROUND: Stimulation of the immune system by gut microbes might prevent allergy development. OBJECTIVE: The present study examined the hypothesis that sensitization to food allergens and atopic eczema are influenced by the infantile intestinal colonization pattern. METHODS: Infants were recruited perinatally in Göteborg (n = 116), London (n = 108), and Rome (n = 100). Commensal bacteria were identified to the genus or species level in rectal (3 days) and quantitative stool cultures (7, 14, and 28 days and 2, 6, and 12 months of age). At 18 months of age, atopic eczema and total and food-specific IgE levels were assessed. These outcomes were modeled in relation to time to colonization with 11 bacterial groups and to ratios of strict anaerobic to facultative anaerobic bacteria and gram-positive to gram-negative bacteria at certain time points. Study center, mode of delivery, parity, and infant diet were included as covariates. RESULTS: Neither atopic eczema nor food-specific IgE by 18 months of age were associated with time of acquisition of any particular bacterial group. Cesarean section delayed colonization by Escherichia coli and Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium species, giving way to, for example, Clostridium species. Lack of older siblings was associated with earlier colonization by Clostridium species and lower strict anaerobic/facultative anaerobic ratio at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support the hypothesis that sensitization to foods or atopic eczema in European infants in early life is associated with lack of any particular culturable intestinal commensal bacteria. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The nature of the microbial stimulus required for protection from allergy remains to be identified.
BACKGROUND: Stimulation of the immune system by gut microbes might prevent allergy development. OBJECTIVE: The present study examined the hypothesis that sensitization to food allergens and atopic eczema are influenced by the infantile intestinal colonization pattern. METHODS:Infants were recruited perinatally in Göteborg (n = 116), London (n = 108), and Rome (n = 100). Commensal bacteria were identified to the genus or species level in rectal (3 days) and quantitative stool cultures (7, 14, and 28 days and 2, 6, and 12 months of age). At 18 months of age, atopic eczema and total and food-specific IgE levels were assessed. These outcomes were modeled in relation to time to colonization with 11 bacterial groups and to ratios of strict anaerobic to facultative anaerobic bacteria and gram-positive to gram-negative bacteria at certain time points. Study center, mode of delivery, parity, and infant diet were included as covariates. RESULTS: Neither atopic eczema nor food-specific IgE by 18 months of age were associated with time of acquisition of any particular bacterial group. Cesarean section delayed colonization by Escherichia coli and Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium species, giving way to, for example, Clostridium species. Lack of older siblings was associated with earlier colonization by Clostridium species and lower strict anaerobic/facultative anaerobic ratio at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support the hypothesis that sensitization to foods or atopic eczema in European infants in early life is associated with lack of any particular culturable intestinal commensal bacteria. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The nature of the microbial stimulus required for protection from allergy remains to be identified.
Authors: Helena Tlaskalová-Hogenová; Renata Stěpánková; Hana Kozáková; Tomáš Hudcovic; Luca Vannucci; Ludmila Tučková; Pavel Rossmann; Tomáš Hrnčíř; Miloslav Kverka; Zuzana Zákostelská; Klára Klimešová; Jaroslava Přibylová; Jiřina Bártová; Daniel Sanchez; Petra Fundová; Dana Borovská; Dagmar Srůtková; Zdeněk Zídek; Martin Schwarzer; Pavel Drastich; David P Funda Journal: Cell Mol Immunol Date: 2011-01-31 Impact factor: 11.530
Authors: M Fazlollahi; Y Chun; A Grishin; R A Wood; A W Burks; P Dawson; S M Jones; D Y M Leung; H A Sampson; S H Sicherer; S Bunyavanich Journal: Allergy Date: 2018-03-15 Impact factor: 13.146
Authors: Kohei Hasegawa; Rachel W Linnemann; Jonathan M Mansbach; Nadim J Ajami; Janice A Espinola; Lauren G Fiechtner; Joseph F Petrosino; Carlos A Camargo Journal: Pediatr Int Date: 2016-12-22 Impact factor: 1.524
Authors: Ingegerd Adlerberth; Haihui Huang; Erika Lindberg; Nils Åberg; Bill Hesselmar; Robert Saalman; Carl Erik Nord; Agnes E Wold; Andrej Weintraub Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2013-10-30 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: N E Lange; J C Celedón; E Forno; N P Ly; A Onderdonk; L Bry; M L Delaney; A M DuBois; D R Gold; S T Weiss; A A Litonjua Journal: Clin Exp Allergy Date: 2012-06 Impact factor: 5.018