BACKGROUND: Although upregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) is associated with many solid tumors, its role in pancreatic cancer has not been well elucidated. In this study, we examined the expression of IL-6 in pancreatic cancer cells, and determined the effect of exogenous IL-6 on cytokine secretion, gene expression and signaling in human pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS: The mRNA levels of IL-6, VEGF165, neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) and neuropilin-2 (NRP-2) were determined by real-time RT PCR. Phosphorylation of ERK2 in pancreatic cancer cells was determined by using Bio-Plex phosphoprotein assay. The expression of IL-6 and other cytokines in human pancreatic cancer cell lines was determined with Bio-Plex cytokine assay. RESULTS: Pancreatic cancer cell lines expressed higher levels of IL-6 than normal human pancreatic ductal epithelium (HPDE) cells. Exogenous IL-6 increased the secretion of multiple Th2 type of cytokines in Panc-1, MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 cells. IL-6 also upregulated the expression of VEGF165, and NRP-1, and both IL-6 and VEGF165 were inducible by hypoxia. In addition, IL-6 activated ERK2 signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: IL-6 may be involved in promoting human pancreatic cancer develop ment by furnishing Th2 type of cytokine environment and upregulating cell proliferation and angiogenesis related genes. Targeting IL-6 might be an effective treatment for pancreatic cancer.
BACKGROUND: Although upregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) is associated with many solid tumors, its role in pancreatic cancer has not been well elucidated. In this study, we examined the expression of IL-6 in pancreatic cancer cells, and determined the effect of exogenous IL-6 on cytokine secretion, gene expression and signaling in humanpancreatic cancer cells. METHODS: The mRNA levels of IL-6, VEGF165, neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) and neuropilin-2 (NRP-2) were determined by real-time RT PCR. Phosphorylation of ERK2 in pancreatic cancer cells was determined by using Bio-Plex phosphoprotein assay. The expression of IL-6 and other cytokines in humanpancreatic cancer cell lines was determined with Bio-Plex cytokine assay. RESULTS:Pancreatic cancer cell lines expressed higher levels of IL-6 than normal humanpancreatic ductal epithelium (HPDE) cells. Exogenous IL-6 increased the secretion of multiple Th2 type of cytokines in Panc-1, MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 cells. IL-6 also upregulated the expression of VEGF165, and NRP-1, and both IL-6 and VEGF165 were inducible by hypoxia. In addition, IL-6 activated ERK2 signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS:IL-6 may be involved in promoting humanpancreatic cancer develop ment by furnishing Th2 type of cytokine environment and upregulating cell proliferation and angiogenesis related genes. Targeting IL-6 might be an effective treatment for pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Ozlem U Gurkan; Chaoxia He; Rachel Zielinski; Hamid Rabb; Landon S King; Jeffrey M Dodd-o; Franco R D'Alessio; Neil Aggarwal; David Pearse; Patrice M Becker Journal: Exp Lung Res Date: 2011-11-01 Impact factor: 2.459
Authors: Indroneal Banerjee; John W Fuseler; Arti R Intwala; Troy A Baudino Journal: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Date: 2009-02-20 Impact factor: 4.733
Authors: Indroneal Banerjee; John W Fuseler; Colby A Souders; Stephanie L K Bowers; Troy A Baudino Journal: Microsc Microanal Date: 2009-08-27 Impact factor: 4.127
Authors: Yuqing Zhang; Louis W Feurino; Qihui Zhai; Hao Wang; William E Fisher; Changyi Chen; Qizhi Yao; Min Li Journal: Cancer Biol Ther Date: 2007-12-13 Impact factor: 4.742