Principal component analyses and scalp distribution of the auditory P150-250 and N250-550 to speech contrasts in Mexican and American infants.

We report a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the scalp distribution of the normalized peak amplitude values for speech-related auditory Event-related Potentials (ERP) P150-250 and N250-550 in 7-, 11-, and 20-month-old American infants learning English and in 10-13-month-old Mexican infants learning Spanish. After assessing the infant auditory ERP P-N complex using PCA, we evaluated the topographic distribution of each of the discriminatory phases to native and non-native CV-syllabic contrasts used in Spanish and English. We found that the first two Principal Components for each contrast type across ages showing a maximization of differences between the P150-250 and the N250-550 waves, explain more than 70% of the variance. The scalp distributions of the P150-250 and N250-550 components also differed, the P150-250 showing a frontal and anterior temporal distribution, and the N250-550 a more posterior distribution. The older infants showed a broader distribution of responses, particularly for the N250-550. There were no differences in the topographies of the components between same-aged Mexican and American infants. We discuss the perceptual/linguistic functions that each component may reflect during development and across the two cultures.