BACKGROUND: The intake of n-3 (formerly called omega-3) fatty acids (FAs) may be inversely associated with plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations, but the epidemiologic data are sparse. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between dietary fat and tHcy in a Norwegian population. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, population-based study of 5917 subjects in 2 age groups (47-49 and 71-74 y old) was conducted with the use of food-frequency questionnaires and measurement of plasma tHcy concentrations. RESULTS: The intake of saturated FAs (SFAs) was positively and significantly (P for trend < 0.001) associated with tHcy concentrations; the difference in plasma tHcy concentrations between the highest and lowest quartiles of SFAs was 8.8%. The intake of marine very-long-chain n-3 FAs was inversely associated with tHcy concentrations; the difference in plasma tHcy concentrations between the lowest and the highest quartiles was -5.0% (P for trend < 0.001). Intakes of total and monounsaturated fat also were positively associated with plasma tHcy concentrations (P for trend < 0.001 and < 0.005, respectively), whereas the intake of polyunsaturated fat was positively associated with tHcy concentrations only in the younger subjects (P for trend = 0.03). The associations were weakened by additional adjustment for B vitamin intake but remained significant for SFA intake (P < 0.001). When stratified for total B vitamin intake, the inverse association between tHcy concentrations and very-long-chain n-3 FAs was significant only in the highest quartile of B vitamin intake (P for trend = 0.001), regardless of supplement use. CONCLUSIONS: High intakes of SFAs are associated with high plasma concentrations of tHcy. The inverse association between dietary intakes of very-long-chain n-3 FAs and plasma tHcy concentrations is apparent only at high B vitamin intakes.
BACKGROUND: The intake of n-3 (formerly called omega-3) fatty acids (FAs) may be inversely associated with plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations, but the epidemiologic data are sparse. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between dietary fat and tHcy in a Norwegian population. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, population-based study of 5917 subjects in 2 age groups (47-49 and 71-74 y old) was conducted with the use of food-frequency questionnaires and measurement of plasma tHcy concentrations. RESULTS: The intake of saturated FAs (SFAs) was positively and significantly (P for trend < 0.001) associated with tHcy concentrations; the difference in plasma tHcy concentrations between the highest and lowest quartiles of SFAs was 8.8%. The intake of marine very-long-chain n-3 FAs was inversely associated with tHcy concentrations; the difference in plasma tHcy concentrations between the lowest and the highest quartiles was -5.0% (P for trend < 0.001). Intakes of total and monounsaturated fat also were positively associated with plasma tHcy concentrations (P for trend < 0.001 and < 0.005, respectively), whereas the intake of polyunsaturated fat was positively associated with tHcy concentrations only in the younger subjects (P for trend = 0.03). The associations were weakened by additional adjustment for B vitamin intake but remained significant for SFA intake (P < 0.001). When stratified for total B vitamin intake, the inverse association between tHcy concentrations and very-long-chain n-3 FAs was significant only in the highest quartile of B vitamin intake (P for trend = 0.001), regardless of supplement use. CONCLUSIONS: High intakes of SFAs are associated with high plasma concentrations of tHcy. The inverse association between dietary intakes of very-long-chain n-3 FAs and plasma tHcy concentrations is apparent only at high B vitamin intakes.
Authors: Michelle L Vidoni; Kelley Pettee Gabriel; Sheng T Luo; Eleanor M Simonsick; R Sue Day Journal: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci Date: 2018-03-14 Impact factor: 6.053
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