Spectrum of renal vascular malformation.

In summary, renal AVMs are rare. The possibility of these lesions should be raised in cases of hematuria of unknown etiology, prolonged hematuria following trauma or needle biopsy, unexplained congestive heart failure or abdominal/flank bruit, or hypertension after renal trauma. Selective renal arteriography is the study of choice for establishing the diagnosis, the hallmark being demonstration of an abnormal arterial communication with a vein. The goal of management should be maximum preservation of renal parenchyma. Observation with follow-up is indicated for asymptomatic AVMs.