Tennis: a physiological profile during match play.

Heart rate (HR), hematocrit, hemoglobin, blood glucose, and plasma concentrations of lactate, cortisol, and testosterone were monitored in 10 male subjects (Division I, 20.3 +/- 2.5 yrs, VO2max: 58.5 +/- 9.4 ml.kg-1.min-1) during singles tennis and a treadmill test. During the on-court session, HR was 144.6 +/- 13.2 beats.min-1 for the 85 min of play. Plasma lactate rose 50% from a post-warmup value of 1.6 +/- 0.6 mmol.l-1 to 2.3 +/- 1.2 mmol.l-1 during play (p greater than 0.05). Blood glucose slightly decreased (8%, p greater than 0.05) from a pre-exercise value of 4.6 +/- 0.8 mmol.l-1 as a result of the 10-min warmup. This was followed by a 23% rise (p less than 0.05) from 4.2 +/- 1.0 mmol.l-1 to 5.2 +/- 0.6 mmol.l-1, measured after the first 30 min of play. Blood glucose subsequently remained steady at slightly above the pre-exercise value. Plasma cortisol rose (9%, p greater than 0.05) during the warmup and subsequently decreased (p less than 0.05) from a post-warmup value of 558.2 +/- 285.2 nmol.l-1 to 337.1 +/- 173.3 nmol.l-1 (a 40% decrease), and remained decreased during recovery. Plasma testosterone rose 22% (p less than 0.05) from pre-exercise to recovery (13.5 +/- 3.8 nmol.l-1 and 16.5 +/- 2.6 nmol.l-1, respectively). Although tennis is characterized by periods of high-intensity exercise, the overall metabolic response resembles prolonged moderate-intensity exercise.