BACKGROUND: Early data regarding the outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children in paediatric intensive care units (PICU) suggested mortality as high as 100%. Recent studies report mortality of 38%. Survival depends on the indication for admission. OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence, duration of stay, and outcome of HIV-infected patients in a single PICU over a 1-year period. Additional objectives included describing the indications for admission as well as the clinical and laboratory characteristics of HIV-infected infants and children requiring PICU admission. METHOD: Retrospective chart review of all children with serological proof of HIV admitted to PICU at Tygerberg Children's Hospital from 1 January to 31 December 2003. RESULTS: Of the 465 patients admitted, 47 (10%) were HIV-infected. For HIV-infected children the median age on admission was 4 months. The median duration of stay was 6 days, significantly longer than for the non-HIV group (p = 0.0001). Fifty-seven percent had advanced clinical and immunological disease. Seventeen died in PICU and four shortly afterwards, poor PICU outcome was significantly associated with HIV status (p = 0.001). Lower total lymphocyte count (p = 0.004) and higher gamma globulin level (p = 0.04) were paradoxically the only findings significantly associated with survival. Acute respiratory failure (ARF) accounted for 76% of admissions, including Pneumocystis jiroveci in 38%. Fifty-one percent had evidence of cytomegalovirus infection. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected children requiring PICU can survive despite the lack of availability of antiretroviral therapy.
BACKGROUND: Early data regarding the outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infectedchildren in paediatric intensive care units (PICU) suggested mortality as high as 100%. Recent studies report mortality of 38%. Survival depends on the indication for admission. OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence, duration of stay, and outcome of HIV-infectedpatients in a single PICU over a 1-year period. Additional objectives included describing the indications for admission as well as the clinical and laboratory characteristics of HIV-infectedinfants and children requiring PICU admission. METHOD: Retrospective chart review of all children with serological proof of HIV admitted to PICU at Tygerberg Children's Hospital from 1 January to 31 December 2003. RESULTS: Of the 465 patients admitted, 47 (10%) were HIV-infected. For HIV-infectedchildren the median age on admission was 4 months. The median duration of stay was 6 days, significantly longer than for the non-HIV group (p = 0.0001). Fifty-seven percent had advanced clinical and immunological disease. Seventeen died in PICU and four shortly afterwards, poor PICU outcome was significantly associated with HIV status (p = 0.001). Lower total lymphocyte count (p = 0.004) and higher gamma globulin level (p = 0.04) were paradoxically the only findings significantly associated with survival. Acute respiratory failure (ARF) accounted for 76% of admissions, including Pneumocystis jiroveci in 38%. Fifty-one percent had evidence of cytomegalovirus infection. CONCLUSIONS:HIV-infectedchildren requiring PICU can survive despite the lack of availability of antiretroviral therapy.
Authors: Thomas M Sesterhenn; Bradley E Slaven; Scott P Keely; A George Smulian; B Franz Lang; Melanie T Cushion Journal: Mol Genet Genomics Date: 2009-11-17 Impact factor: 3.291
Authors: Carl A Nosek; W Chris Buck; Alison C Caviness; Abbie Foust; Yewo Nyondo; Madalitso Bottomani; Peter N Kazembe Journal: BMC Pediatr Date: 2016-01-30 Impact factor: 2.125