Prostate stem cells and cancer.

Properties shared by neoplastic and stem cells indicate a possibility that somatic stem cells or transit-amplifying cells that have reacquired stem cell properties, particularly the ability for self-renewal, represent favorable targets for malignant transformation. In this review we discuss significance of the stem cell model for understanding prostate cancer pathogenesis and describe relevant studies in animals. It is proposed that dissemination of rare cancer stem cells may lead to metastatic disease and that resistance of such cells to multiple drugs and androgen ablation make them responsible for failure of current treatments. Thus further understanding of the cancer stem cell biology is needed for development of efficient rationally designed therapy permitting better targeting and better treatment outcomes for patients with prostate neoplasms.