BACKGROUND: Recovery of motor function after stroke may be associated with changes in inhibitory and facilitatory circuits within the motor cortex. OBJECTIVE: We explored such changes longitudinally after stroke, using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). METHODS: Subjects (N = 27) with a single cerebral infarction affecting movement of either hand were studied at <10 days poststroke, 1 month, and 6 months. Age-matched control subjects (N = 9) were studied at 2 times. RESULTS: In contrast to previous studies, paired-pulse inhibition was increased in patients with a subcortical stroke compared to control subjects. After a cortical stroke, paired-pulse facilitation was also increased. Stroke location affected the time course of inhibition. Subcortical stroke resulted in increased inhibition initially that decreased over time, whereas cortical stroke had no significant effect on inhibition and a more immediate and lasting effect on facilitation. CONCLUSIONS: The time course of a decline in inhibition based on TMS after subcortical stroke followed the gain in motor recovery. Increased facilitation in cortical stroke patients is more likely to represent the effect of early cortical circuit disruption and may not play a role in subacute changes in motor function.
BACKGROUND: Recovery of motor function after stroke may be associated with changes in inhibitory and facilitatory circuits within the motor cortex. OBJECTIVE: We explored such changes longitudinally after stroke, using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). METHODS: Subjects (N = 27) with a single cerebral infarction affecting movement of either hand were studied at <10 days poststroke, 1 month, and 6 months. Age-matched control subjects (N = 9) were studied at 2 times. RESULTS: In contrast to previous studies, paired-pulse inhibition was increased in patients with a subcortical stroke compared to control subjects. After a cortical stroke, paired-pulse facilitation was also increased. Stroke location affected the time course of inhibition. Subcortical stroke resulted in increased inhibition initially that decreased over time, whereas cortical stroke had no significant effect on inhibition and a more immediate and lasting effect on facilitation. CONCLUSIONS: The time course of a decline in inhibition based on TMS after subcortical stroke followed the gain in motor recovery. Increased facilitation in cortical strokepatients is more likely to represent the effect of early cortical circuit disruption and may not play a role in subacute changes in motor function.
Authors: Alexander K Ommaya; Kenneth M Adams; Richard M Allman; Eileen G Collins; Rory A Cooper; C Edward Dixon; Paul S Fishman; James A Henry; Randy Kardon; Robert D Kerns; Joel Kupersmith; Albert Lo; Richard Macko; Rachel McArdle; Regina E McGlinchey; Malcolm R McNeil; Thomas P O'Toole; P Hunter Peckham; Mark H Tuszynski; Stephen G Waxman; George F Wittenberg Journal: J Rehabil Res Dev Date: 2013
Authors: Andrew M Vahabzadeh-Hagh; Paul A Muller; Alvaro Pascual-Leone; Frances E Jensen; Alexander Rotenberg Journal: J Neurophysiol Date: 2010-12-15 Impact factor: 2.714
Authors: Whitney A Gray; Jacqueline A Palmer; Steven L Wolf; Michael R Borich Journal: Neurorehabil Neural Repair Date: 2017-06-12 Impact factor: 3.919